Heterobranchia
Pulmonata
clade Stylommatophora
The clade Stylommatophora is a very large group of pulmonate snails and slugs, all terrestrial. Two clades are recognized by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 [Classification and Nomenclature of Gastropod Families. Malacologia
47 (1-2): 1-397]; Elasmognatha and Orthurethra. The remainder of the species are grouped into the “informal group” Sigmurethra. The latter was
shown to be paraphyletc by Wade et al. 2001 [A phylogeny of the land snails (Gastropoda; Pulmonata) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, ser. B, 268 (1465):413-422]. As these names imply, the clades are distinguished based on the position of the ureter pore in the mantle.
clade Elasmognatha
superfamily Athoracophoroidea
family Athoracophoridae – these are the leaf-veined slugs of New Zealand, Australia, and surrounding islands. The Discover Life web site does not list all the genera below. This list and the distributions were taken from Powell, 1979 [New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand].
Genera:
| Aneitea | New Zealand |
| Athoracophorus | New Zealand |
| Palliopodex | New Zealand |
| Pseudaneitea | New Zealand |
| Reflectopallium | New Zealand |
| Triboniophorus | Australia, New Guinea |
superfamily Succineoidea
family Succineidae – these snails have a very thin shell with a large aperature. They are usually found near water.
Genera:
| Boninosuccinea | |
| Catinella | North America, Hawaiin Ids., Samoa, Raotunga Isl., Costa Rica, Europe |
| Helisiga | |
| Homalonyx | Venezuela, Bolivia |
| Neosuccinea | Japan |
| Novisuccinea | North America, Japan |
| Omalonyx | Mexico, Dominica, Trinidad, South America |
| Oxyloma | North America, Europe, North Africa, Afganistan, Mexico, Caribbean, Argentina, Trinidad & Tobago, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Japan, Korea, China, Rusdsia, Armenia, Turkey |
| Papusuccinea | New Guinea, Solomon Ids., New Hebrides |
| Quickella | Europe, Florida |
| Quickia | Seychelles |
| Succinea | worldwide |
clade Orthurethra
This clade is characterized by the placement of the pore of ureter
opening into mantle cavity near the anterior margin of lung after the ureter
passes forward from anterior kidney margin. Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 [Classification and Nomenclature of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1-397] recognize five superfamilies.
Superfamily Partuloidea
Family Partulidae
Family Draparnaudiidae
Superfamily Achatinelloidea
Family Achatinellidae
Superfamily Cochlicopoidea
Family Cochlicopidae
Family Amastridae
Superfamily Pupilloidea
Family Pupillidae
Family Argnidae
Family Chondrinidae
Family Lauriidae
Family Orculidae
Family Pleurodiscidae
Family Pyramidulidae
Family Spelaeodiscidae
Family Strobilopsidae
Family Valloniidae
Family Vertiginidae
Superfamily Enoidea
Family Enidae
Family Cerastidae
Genera:
informal group sigmurethra
Even though this is a paraphyletic group, there are some monophyletic
clades contained within. Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 [Classification and Nomenclature of Gastropod Families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1-397] recognize 21 superfamilies within the sigmurethra. These are all considered monophyletic. In addition, seven of these superfamilies are grouped into a clade called the “Limacoid clade” reflecting their presumed monophyly.
Superfamily Clausilioidea
Family Clausiliidae
Superfamily Orthalicoidea
Family Orthalicidae
Family Cerionidae
Family Coelociontidae
Family Megaspiridae
Family Placostylidae
Family Urocoptidae
Superfamily Achatinoidea
Family Achatinidae
Family Ferussaciidae
Family Micractaeonidae
Family Subulinidae
Superfamily Aillyoidea
Family Aillyidae
Superfamily Testacelloidea
Family Testacellidae
Family Oleacinidae
Family Spiraxidae
Superfamily Papillodermatoidea
Family Papillodermatidae
Superfamily Streptaxoidea
Family Streptaxidae
Superfamily Rhytidoidea
Family Rhytididae
Family Chlamydephoridae
Family Haplotrematidae
Family Scolodontidae
Superfamily Acavoidea
Family Acavidae
Family Caryodidae
Family Dorcasiidae
Family Macrocyclidae
Family Megomphicidae
Family Strophocheilidae
Superfamily Punctoidea
Family Punctidae
Family Charopidae
Family Cystopeltidae
Family Discidae
Family Endodontidae
Family Helicodiscidae
Family Oreohelicidae
Family Thyrophorellidae
Superfamily Sagdoidea
Family Sagdidae
“‘Limacoid clade”‘
Superfamily Staffordioidea
Family Staffordiidae
Superfamily Dyakioidea
Family Dyakiidae
Superfamily Gastrodontoidea
Family Gastrodontidae
Family Chronidae
Family Euconulidae
Family Oxychilidae
Family Pristilomatidae
Family Trochomorphidae
Superfamily Parmacelloidea
Family Parmacellidae
Family Milacidae
Family Trigonochlamydidae
Superfamily Zonitoidea
Family Zonitidae
Superfamily Helicarionoidea
Family Helicarionidae
Family Ariophantidae
Family Urocyclidae
Superfamily Limacoidea
Family Limacidae
Family Agriolimacidae
Family Boettgerillidae
Family Vitrinidae
end of “‘Limacoid clade”‘
Superfamily Arionoidea
Family Arionidae
Family Anadenidae
Family Ariolimacidae
Family Binneyidae
Family Oopeltidae
Family Philomycidae
Superfamily Helicoidea
Family Helicidae
Family Bradybaenidae
Family Camaenidae
Family Cepolidae
Family Cochlicellidae
Family Elonidae
Family Epiphragmophoridae
Family Halolimnohelicidae
Family Helicodontidae
Family Helminthoglyptidae
Family Humboldtianidae
Family Hygromiidae
Family Monadeniidae
Family Pleurodontidae
Family Polygyridae
Family Sphincterochilidae
Family Thysanophoridae
Family Trissexodontidae
Family Xanthonychidae